What limits the scope of a warrantless search of a motor vehicle?

The scope of a warrantless search of a motor vehicle is primarily limited by the nature of the object sought during the search. This principle is derived from both the Fourth Amendment, which protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, and established legal precedents that clarify what an officer may search for and the extent of that search without a warrant.

When conducting a warrantless search of a vehicle, officers must have probable cause to believe that evidence of a crime or contraband is present. This means that they can only search areas of the vehicle that are likely to contain the items they are looking for. For example, if an officer suspects that illegal substances are located in the glove compartment, they are justified in searching that specific area but not necessarily other areas of the vehicle where such items would not logically be found.

This limitation based on the nature of the object sought ensures that searches remain reasonable and within the bounds of the Fourth Amendment, preventing arbitrary or overly broad searches. Other options suggest incorrect limitations or an overreach of the officer's authority which do not align with the legal standards governing searches.