What does reasonable suspicion require compared to probable cause?

Reasonable suspicion necessitates specific and articulable facts that indicate potential criminal activity, distinguishing it from probable cause, which requires a higher standard of evidence. This means that law enforcement must be able to point to observable facts or circumstances, rather than relying on merely vague feelings or general hunches about someone's behavior. The requirement for "specific and articulable" elements establishes that there must be a rational basis for the suspicion, drawn from the officer's experience or knowledge, which can justify further investigation or a stop.

In contrast, probable cause demands a more substantial basis, requiring sufficient facts or information that would lead a reasonable person to believe that a crime has likely been committed. This is a more robust standard aimed at ensuring that individuals are not subjected to unwarranted intrusions based on mere speculation. Thus, the emphasis on specificity in reasonable suspicion enables officers to justify investigative actions while balancing individual rights against public safety.