What are the components of the two-pronged test from Katz?

The two-pronged test established in Katz v. United States is essential for determining whether a search or seizure falls under the protection of the Fourth Amendment. This test encompasses two key components: subjective expectation of privacy and societal recognition of that expectation.

The first component, subjective expectation, refers to the individual's belief that they have a privacy interest in a particular location or communication. For instance, a person may feel that their phone call is private and that they should not have it monitored without consent.

The second component involves societal recognition, which assesses whether that subjective expectation of privacy is one that society generally finds reasonable and worthy of protection under the Fourth Amendment. This means that the expectation must be recognized as legitimate and acceptable by the broader community standards.

Together, these two components create a framework for evaluating whether an individual's privacy has been violated, ensuring that legal protections adapt to societal norms and maintain a balance between personal privacy and law enforcement interests.