How does the "plain view" doctrine apply to the Fourth Amendment?

The "plain view" doctrine is a legal principle that allows law enforcement officers to seize evidence of a crime without a warrant, provided certain conditions are met. This doctrine operates under the Fourth Amendment, which protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures.

For the doctrine to apply, there are typically three requirements: the officer must be lawfully present at the location where the evidence is visible; the item in question must be immediately recognizable as evidence or contraband; and the officer must have a lawful right of access to the item. When these criteria are satisfied, the officer is permitted to seize the evidence without obtaining a warrant, as it is considered to be in plain sight.

This principle emphasizes the idea that if an officer inadvertently comes upon evidence while executing their lawful duties, they should not need a warrant to secure that evidence if it is clearly visible and identifiable. As such, option B accurately reflects the application of the plain view doctrine by allowing the seizure of evidence without a warrant if it is clearly visible to the officer.